Na'ura mai rarrafe na'ura mai rarrafe na'ura mai motsa jiki ce mai motsi da ƙasa wacce ke amfani da guga don haƙa kayan sama ko ƙasa da abin da ke ɗauke da ita da loda shi cikin abin hawa ko saukar da shi zuwa wurin ajiya.Abubuwan da aka tono sun fi yawa ƙasa, kwal, silt, ƙasa da dutse bayan pr-loosening.
Yin la'akari da ci gaban injunan gine-gine a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, haɓakar injina yana da sauri.A matsayin ɗaya daga cikin mahimman samfuran injunan gini a cikin ginin injiniya, zaɓin madaidaicin na tona ya fi mahimmanci.Na'urori na musamman da kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su sosai a aikin hakar ma'adinai da gine-gine na birane da karkara tare da ci gaba da fasaha na musamman.
Sunan Sinanci: Crawler hydraulic excavator
Sunan kasashen waje: injinan tono
Amfani: hakar ma'adinai da gine-ginen birane da karkara
Gabatarwa: tono da cika abu tare da guga
Sama da shekaru 130 ke nan da fara aikin tona na hannu na farko.A cikin wannan lokacin, ta sami ci gaba a hankali daga na'urorin rotary guga mai tururi zuwa na'ura mai sarrafa wutar lantarki da na ciki-konewa-injini, da cikakkun na'urorin haƙoran ruwa ta atomatik ta amfani da electroencephalographic.fasahar haɗin kai.tsari.
Saboda aikace-aikacen fasaha na na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, an sami wani injin tona mai sanye da hotan baya na ruwa a kan tarakta a cikin 1940s.A farkon da tsakiyar 1950s, an sami ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da ci gaba da bunƙasa injin azimuth hydraulic excavator..
Gwajin gwaji na farko da aka samar da na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa yana amfani da fasahar hydraulic na jirgin sama da kayan aikin injin, ba shi da kayan aikin hydraulic wanda ya dace da yanayin aiki daban-daban na excavator, ingancin masana'anta bai isa ba, kuma sassan tallafi ba su cika ba.
Tun daga 1960s, masu tono na ruwa sun shiga wani mataki na haɓakawa da haɓaka mai ƙarfi.Yawan masana'antar tono da iri a kasashe daban-daban ya karu cikin sauri, kuma abin da aka fitar ya karu.
Daga shekarar 1968 zuwa 1970, fitar da na'ura mai sarrafa ruwa ya kai kashi 83 cikin 100 na jimillar na'urorin hakar na'ura, kuma yanzu ya kusa kusan 100%.
Asali dai wannan na’urar hakowa ta hannu ce, kuma ta shafe sama da shekaru 130 da kirkiro ta, kuma ta fuskanci hanyoyin tuki iri-iri kamar tukin tuki, tukin wutar lantarki, da injin konewa na ciki.
Bayan shekarun 1940, an yi amfani da fasahar hydraulic ga masu tonawa, kuma a cikin 1950s, an samar da na'urori masu cikakken hydraulic mai nau'in crawler wanda aka saba gani a yau.
Mafi mahimmancin sigogi guda uku na masu tono: nauyin abin hawa (masa yawa), ƙarfin injin da ƙarfin guga.
A cikin 1951, an ƙaddamar da na'urar baƙar ruwa ta farko a McClainma'aikata a Faransa, don haka samar da wani sabon sarari a fagen fasaha ci gaban excavators.
kunshi
Tsarin tono na gama-gari sun haɗa da raka'a wutar lantarki, na'urorin aiki, hanyoyin kashe wuta, hanyoyin yin magudi, hanyoyin watsawa, hanyoyin tafiya da wuraren taimako.
Daga bayyanar, excavator ya ƙunshi sassa uku: na'urar aiki, na'urar juyawa na sama da tsarin tafiya.
Rabewa
Mai zuwa shine rarrabuwa na gama-gari masu tonawa:
Kashi na 1: An kasu kashi na gama-gari zuwa nau'i biyu: Injin konewa na cikin gida da na'urori masu sarrafa wutar lantarki.Daga cikin su, ana amfani da na'urorin tono na lantarki da yawa a cikin plateau hypoxia, nakiyoyin karkashin kasa da sauran wurare masu ƙonewa da fashewa.
Rabewa ta 2: Dangane da hanyoyin tafiya daban-daban, ana iya raba na'urorin tono zuwa masu tono masu rarrafe da na'urorin tono masu ƙafafu.
Rarraba 3: Dangane da hanyoyin watsawa daban-daban, ana iya raba na'urori masu tono zuwa na'ura mai ba da hanya tsakanin hanyoyin sadarwa da injina.Ana amfani da injina ne musamman a wasu manyan ma'adanai.
Rarraba 4: Dangane da amfani, za a iya raba na'urorin tono zuwa manyan haƙa, ma'adinan ma'adinai, masu tona ruwa, na'urori na musamman da sauran nau'ikan daban-daban.
Galibin na'urorin tona na yau cikakkun na'urori ne na azimuth.Caterpillar 385B Excavator
Na'urar tona na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa sun ƙunshi injina, tsarin ruwa, na'urar aiki, na'urar tafiya da sarrafa wutar lantarki.Tsarin hydraulic ya ƙunshi famfo na hydraulic, bawul mai sarrafawa, silinda na hydraulic, motar hydraulic, bututun mai, tankin mai, da sauransu.
Dangane da tsarinsa da amfaninsa, ana iya raba shi zuwa:
Nau'in Crawler, nau'in taya, nau'in tafiya, cikakken na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, Semi-na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa, azimuth, wadanda ba azimuth ba, gabaɗaya, na musamman, mai magana, haɓakar telescopic da sauran nau'ikan.
Na'urar aiki ita ce na'urar da ke kammala aikin tono kai tsaye.An rataye shi daga sassa uku: boom, sanda da guga.Boom lift, tsawo sanda da jujjuya guga ana sarrafa su ta hanyar maimaituwar silinda mai aiki biyu.
Domin biyan buƙatun ayyukan gine-gine daban-daban, ana iya samar da na'urori masu amfani da na'ura mai aiki da ruwa da yawa, irin su tono, ɗagawa, ɗorawa, daidaitawa, clamps, bulldozing, guduma mai tasiri da sauran kayan aikin aiki.
Na'urar kisa da tafiya ita ce jikin na'ura mai aikin hako ruwa (hydraulic excavator), kuma bangaren sama na na'urar tana samar da na'urar wuta da na'urar watsawa.Injin shi ne tushen wutar lantarkin na'urar tono mai ruwa, wanda yawancinsu ke amfani da man dizal a wurin da ya dace, kuma yana iya amfani da injin lantarki maimakon haka.
Tsarin watsa wutar lantarki yana isar da ikon injin zuwa injin mai amfani da ruwa, silinda na hydraulic da sauran masu kunnawa ta hanyar famfo na ruwa, kuma yana tura na'urar aiki don motsawa, ta haka ne ke kammala ayyuka daban-daban.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-29-2022
