Tarihin ci gaban crawler bulldozers
An yi nasarar ƙera tarakta irin na Track (wanda aka fi sani da crawler dozer) daga Ba’amurke Benjamin Holt a shekara ta 1904. An kafa ta ne ta hanyar shigar da buldoza mai ɗaga mutum a gaban tarakta.Ikon a wancan lokacin injin tururi ne.Bayan haka, an samu nasarar kera na’urar bullar da ake amfani da ita ta hanyar iskar iskar gas da injin mai, sannan kuma an kera na’urar bulldozer daga dagawa da hannu zuwa daga igiya.
Benjamin Holt kuma yana daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa Caterpillar Inc. a Amurka.A cikin 1925, Kamfanin 5Holt Manufacturing Company da CL Best Bulldozer Company sun haɗu don kafa Kamfanin Caterpillar Bulldozer, ya zama masana'antar kayan aikin bulldozer na farko a duniya.A cikin 1931, an yi nasarar kawar da rukunin farko na 60 bulldozer tare da injunan dizal daga layin samarwa.Tare da ci gaba da ci gaban fasaha, dukkan na'urorin da injinan dizal ke amfani da su, kuma kwalabe da scarifiers duk ana ɗaga su ta hanyar silinda na ruwa.
Baya ga na'urar crawler, bulldozers kuma suna da nau'in bulldozer irin na taya, wanda ya bayyana kimanin shekaru goma bayan na'urar crawler.Saboda crawler bulldozers suna da kyakkyawan aikin mannewa kuma suna iya yin tasiri sosai, iri-iri da adadin samfuransu sun zarce na masu tayar da hankali a gida da waje.
A duniya, Caterpillar shine babban kamfanin kera injinan gini a duniya.Na'urar bullar ta sun hada da jerin manyan, matsakaita da kanana D3-D11 guda 9, mafi girma D11 RCD, kuma karfin injin dizal ya kai 634kw;Japan Kamfanin Komatsu ya zo na biyu, kuma kawai ya fara gabatarwa da samar da crawler bulldozer D50 a cikin 1947.
Akwai 13 jerin crawler bulldozers, daga D21-D575, mafi ƙanƙanta shi ne D21, diesel engine flywheel ikon 29.5kw, mafi girma shi ne D575A-3SD, dizal injin tashi da jirgin ya kai 858kw, shi ne kuma mafi girma bulldozer a cikin duniya;Halayen masana'antar bulldozer shine Rukunin Liebheer na Jamus (Liebheer), wanda matsa lamba na ruwa ne ke tafiyar da bullarsa.Bayan fiye da shekaru goma na bincike da ci gaba, fasahar ta ƙaddamar da samfurin a cikin 1972, kuma ta fara samar da yawan jama'a a 1974. PR721-PR731 da PR741 hydrostatic drive crawler bulldozer, saboda ƙayyadaddun kayan aikin hydraulic, iyakar ƙarfinsa shine kawai 295Kw a. yanzu, samfurin shine PR751 ma'adinai.
Manyan masana'antun bulldozer guda uku na sama suna wakiltar matakin mafi girma na crawler bulldozers a duniya a yau.Wasu masana'antun kasashen waje da yawa na masu crawler bulldozers, John Deere, Case, New Holland da Deresta, suma suna da babban matakin fasahar samarwa.
An fara samar da bulldozer a kasar Sin bayan kafuwar sabuwar kasar Sin.Da farko, an sanya na'urorin bulldozer a kan taraktocin noma.Tare da bunkasar tattalin arzikin kasa, bukatar matsakaita da manyan masu rarrafe a cikin manyan ma'adanai, kiyaye ruwa, tashoshin wutar lantarki da sassan sufuri na karuwa.Duk da cewa masana'antun masana'antu na matsakaita da manya-manyan rarrafe na kasata sun samu ci gaba sosai, amma ba ta iya biyan bukatun ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasa.bukata.
Don wannan, tun daga 1979, ƙasata ta ci gaba da gabatar da fasahar samarwa, ƙayyadaddun tsari, ƙayyadaddun fasaha da tsarin kayan aiki na crawler bulldozers daga Kamfanin Komatsu na Japan da Kamfanin Caterpillar na Amurka.Tsarin da samfuran fasahar Komatsu suka mamaye a cikin 1980s da 1990s.
Daga shekarun 1960 zuwa yanzu, yawan masu sana'ar bulldozer na cikin gida sun tsaya tsayin daka a kusan 4. Dalili kuwa shi ne cewa bukatu na sarrafa kayayyakin na bulldozer suna da yawa da wahala, kuma samar da jama'a na bukatar babban jari, don haka kamfanoni na yau da kullun ba su kuskura ba. don saita ƙafa cikin sauƙi.Duk da haka, tare da ci gaban kasuwa, wanda ya fara daga "Shirin shekaru biyar na takwas", wasu manyan da matsakaitan masana'antu na cikin gida sun fara aiki da bulldozers a lokaci guda bisa ga ƙarfin nasu, kamar Inner Mongolia No. 1 Machinery Factory, Xuzhou Loader Factory, da sauransu, faɗaɗa ƙungiyar masana'antar bulldozer.
Har ila yau, akwai ’yan tsirarun masana’antu da suka fara durkushewa saboda rashin gudanar da ayyukansu da kuma buqatun ci gaban kasuwa, wasu kuma tuni suka janye daga sana’ar.
A halin yanzu, manyan masana'antun gida na bulldozers sune:
Shantui Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Hebei Xuanhua Construction Machinery Co., Ltd., Shanghai Pengpu Machinery Factory Co., Ltd., Tianjin Construction Machinery Factory, Shaanxi Xinhuang Machinery Co., Ltd., Yituo Construction Machinery Co., Ltd. ., da dai sauransu.
Baya ga samar da na’urar bullar-bula, kamfanonin da aka ambata a sama sun kuma fara taka kafar samar da sauran kayayyakin gine-gine.Misali, Shantui kuma yana samar da rollers, graders, excavators, loaders, forklifts, da dai sauransu.
Lokacin aikawa: Satumba-24-2022
