The Na farko(1), tushe akanbincika ta hanyar ma'anarduba
TheMai haƙa,wanda kuma aka fi sani da injin tono (mashinan tona), wanda aka fi sani da excavator, na’ura ce mai motsi da kasa da ke amfani da guga don hako kayan sama ko kasa da abin da aka dauke shi a loda shi a cikin abin hawa ko saukar da shi zuwa wurin ajiya.
Kayayyakin da mai tonawa ya tono sun hada da kasa, gawayi, sitaci, kasa da kuma dutse bayan sassautawa.Idan aka yi la'akari da ci gaban injinan gine-gine a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, haɓakar injina yana da sauri, kuma na'urorin tono sun zama ɗayan mahimman injinan gini a cikin aikin injiniya.Mafi mahimmancin sigogi guda uku na mai tono: nauyin aiki (masu yawa), ƙarfin injin da guga, ƙarfin guga.
Thelodi, kamar yadda sunan ke nuni da “Loading”, aikinsa shi ne lodin kasa a kan babbar mota, ma’aikacin tona ma na iya yin ta amma bai kai na loda ba, bulldozing na gefe ne na Loda, kuma na’urar tana da tafu, don haka shi ma. na iya gudu a kan hanya, Excavators, bulldozers da sauran nau'ikan crawler kawai za a iya jigilar su ta hanyar tireloli don canja wurin wurin aiki, don haka gabaɗaya akwai buƙatu na musamman don tsarin tuƙi na mai ɗaukar kaya., Injinan gini na kasa da dutse don ayyukan gine-gine kamar tashar jiragen ruwa da ma'adinai.
The Na biyu(2),tushe akanna tsariduba
Excavator: Tsarin tono na gama gari sun haɗa da injin wutar lantarki, na'urar aiki, injin kashe wuta, injin aiki, injin watsawa, injin tafiya da wuraren taimako, da sauransu. na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa famfo ga kisa sassa don tura aiki na'urar don kammala daban-daban ayyuka.
Loader: gami da injin, jujjuya mai juyi, akwatin gear, gaba da axles ɗin tuƙi na baya, waɗanda ake magana da su a matsayin manyan sassa huɗu.
TheNa uku(3), tushe akan Aiki don dubawa
Excavator: Abubuwan da aka tono sun fi yawa ƙasa, kwal, silt, ƙasa da dutse bayan an riga an sako su.Idan aka yi la'akari da ci gaban injinan gine-gine a cikin 'yan shekarun nan, haɓakar injina yana da sauri, kuma na'urorin tono sun zama ɗayan mahimman injinan gini a cikin aikin injiniya.
Loader: Ana amfani da shi ne musamman don yin shebur, lodi, sauke kaya, motsi ƙasa da manyan kayan kamar duwatsu.Hakanan yana iya yin ayyukan sheƙa mai haske akan duwatsu da ƙasa mai ƙarfi.Idan kun canza na'urorin aiki daban-daban, zaku iya kammala aikin bulldozing, ɗagawa, lodi da sauke wasu kayan.A aikin gina babbar hanya, an fi amfani da shi don cikewa da tono aikin injiniyan gadon titin, tara da lodin kwalta da yadi siminti.
Na hudu(4), tushe akanbambancin rarrabuwa daga samfurinduba
Masu tonowa: ana iya raba su zuwa manya-manyan tona, matsakaitan tonawa, ƴan haƙa, ƙanana, guraben haƙa, injin haƙa, injin injina, injin haƙar ma'adinai, ma'adinan ma'adinai, masu tona ruwa, na'urori na musamman, da sauransu daban-daban.
Loaders: Dangane da ƙarfin injin, ana iya raba su zuwa ƙananan masu ɗaukar nauyi, matsakaicin loda da manyan loda.
Rarraba hakowa
Ana iya raba masu tonowa zuwa manyan holuna na gaba, farat ɗin baya, layukan ja da ɗimbin shebur.An fi amfani da holuna na gaba don haƙa kayan da ke sama, kuma ana amfani da hodar baya don haƙa kayan da ke ƙasa.
Ƙaƙwalwar baya sune mafi yawan gama gari da muka taɓa gani, tare da baya-ƙasa, yanke tilas.Ana iya amfani da shi don tono ƙasa a ƙarƙashin aikin rufewa.Hanyoyin aiki na asali sune: tono ƙarshen rami, tono gefen rami, tono layin madaidaiciya, tono mai lanƙwasa, hakowa tare da wani kusurwa, tono rami mai zurfi mai zurfi da rami mai gangara.
Inji mai tona felu na gaba
The felu mataki nau'i na gaban shebur excavator.Halayensa sune "gaba da sama, yanke ƙasa tilas".Tebur na gaba yana da babban ƙarfin tono kuma yana iya hako ƙasa sama da farfajiyar tasha.Ya dace da tono busassun ramukan tushe da tsayin daka sama da 2m, amma dole ne a kafa ramukan sama da ƙasa.Bokitin shebur na gaba ya fi girma fiye da na mai tona baya na daidai, kuma yana iya hako wani abu mai ruwa wanda bai wuce 27% ba.
Motar juji na ba da haɗin kai don kammala aikin tono da sufuri gabaɗaya, kuma tana iya haƙa manyan busassun ramuka da tuddai.Hanyar tono na felu na gaba yana dogara ne akan bambanci tsakanin hanyar hakowa da matsayi na dangi na abin hawa.Akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na tonowa da saukewa: tono gaba da sauke kaya a gefe;ci gaba da tonowa da juyawa Don sauke ƙasa.
Ja-layiexcavator
Ana kuma kiran layukan ja.Siffofin tono shi sune: "a baya da ƙasa, yanke ƙasa ƙarƙashin nauyinta".Ya dace da tono ƙasa na Class I da II a ƙasan tasha.Lokacin aiki, guga yana jefar da karfi da karfi, kuma nisa mai nisa yana da girma sosai, kuma radius da zurfin tono suna da girma, amma ba shi da sauƙi kuma daidai kamar na baya.Musamman dacewa don tono manyan ramuka masu zurfi da zurfin tushe ko hakowa na karkashin ruwa.
Mai lodiwani nau'i ne na injin gini na ƙasa da na dutse da ake amfani da su a cikin manyan hanyoyi, titin jirgin ƙasa, gine-gine, wutar lantarki, tashar jiragen ruwa, ma'adinai da sauran ayyukan gine-gine.An fi amfani da shi don shebur kayan girma kamar ƙasa, yashi, lemun tsami, kwal, da dai sauransu, ƙasa mai wuya, da dai sauransu don tono shebur mai haske.Haka kuma za ta iya aiwatar da harsashi, dagawa da lodawa da sauke wasu kayan kamar itace ta hanyar canza na'urorin aiki daban-daban.A cikin tituna, musamman wajen gina manyan tituna, ana amfani da lodi ne wajen cikewa da tona injinan gadon titin, aggregate da lodin cakudewar kwalta da yadi siminti.Bugu da kari, tana kuma iya aiwatar da ayyuka kamar tura kasa, goge kasa da ja da sauran injina.Saboda mai ɗaukar kaya yana da fa'idodin saurin aiki da sauri, inganci mai inganci, aiki mai kyau, da sauƙin aiki, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan ginin ƙasa a cikin ginin injiniya.
TheNa biyar(5), tushe akanbambanta daga aikace-aikaceduba
Excavator: Injiniya abin hawa ne da ake amfani da shi don haƙa ko motsa manyan abubuwa.
Loader: An fi amfani da Load wajen yin shebur, lodi, sauke kaya, motsi ƙasa da kayan da yawa kamar duwatsu, kuma yana iya yin aikin walƙiya mai haske a kan duwatsu da ƙasa mai tauri.Idan kun canza na'urorin aiki daban-daban, zaku iya kammala aikin bulldozing, ɗagawa, lodi da sauke wasu kayan.A aikin gina babbar hanya, an fi amfani da shi don cikewa da tono aikin injiniyan gadon titin, tara da lodin kwalta da yadi siminti.
TheNa shida(6), tushe akanmanyan abubuwan da aka gyaraduba
Excavator: Tsarin haƙa na gama gari sun haɗa da tashar wutar lantarki, na'urar aiki, injin kashe wuta, injin sarrafa manipulation, injin watsawa, injin tafiya da kayan taimako.Babban abubuwan da ke tattare da chassis na tono su ne: rollers, dilers, sprockets, tuki hakora, takalman waƙa, da kuma taron layin dogo.
Loader: gami da injin, jujjuya mai juyi, akwatin gear, gaba da axles ɗin tuƙi na baya, waɗanda ake magana da su a matsayin manyan sassa huɗu.
Aikin ya bambanta.Ana amfani da Loder ɗin ne don ɗaukar manyan kayan kamar ƙasa, yashi, lemun tsami, gawayi da sauransu. - na'ura mai motsi zuwa ɗakin ajiya.Abubuwan da aka tono sun fi yawa ƙasa, kwal, silt, ƙasa da dutse bayan pr-loosening.Tsarin da ka'ida kuma sun bambanta sosai.
Masu haƙa, waɗanda aka kera su musamman don haƙa, amma ana iya loda su
Loader an ƙera shi ne musamman don yin lodi.Ba za a iya amfani da shi don tonowa ba.Load ɗin na'urar ba ta da sauri kamar mai ɗaukar nauyi.
Masu haƙa na aiki a ƙasa da matakin ƙasa, yayin da forklifts yawanci suna aiki sama da matakin ƙasa.Mai haƙawa yana da ƙarfin wucewa kuma ya dace da wuraren da motocin ba za su iya tafiya kamar nakiyoyi ba.Motar forklift yana da matuƙar iya motsi kuma sau da yawa yana iya zagayawa akan hanya.
Na’ura mai hakowa wata na’ura ce mai motsi da kasa wadda ke amfani da guga wajen hako kayan sama ko kasa da saman na’urar, sannan a loda shi a cikin abin hawa ko sauke ta zuwa wani wurin ajiya.Injin tona na ɗaya daga cikin mahimman nau'ikan injinan gini a cikin ginin injiniya.Ana amfani da su sosai wajen tono harsashin gine-gine da bita, tono kayan ƙasa, sauke nauyin ma'adinan ma'adinai, magudanar ruwa, ramuka, wuraren bita na ƙasa da kuma tara kaya.A yayin ayyukan lodawa, tono magudanan ruwa, magudanar ruwa da magudanar ruwa, zubowa da ɗagawa bayan canza na'urorin aiki.
Gabaɗaya magana,Loader wani nau'in injin gini ne na ƙasa da na dutse da ake amfani da shi a cikin manyan hanyoyin mota, titin jirgin ƙasa, gini, wutar lantarki, tashar jiragen ruwa, ma'adinai da sauran ayyukan gini.Ana amfani da shi musamman don ɗaukar felu na ƙasa, yashi, lemun tsami, gawayi da sauran kayan girma.Hakanan za'a iya amfani da shi don aikin felu mai haske da ayyukan tono a kan ma'adinai da ƙasa mai wuya.Haka kuma za ta iya aiwatar da harsashi, dagawa da lodawa da sauke wasu kayan kamar itace ta hanyar canza na'urorin aiki daban-daban.A cikin tituna, musamman wajen gina manyan tituna, ana amfani da lodi ne wajen cikawa da hako aikin injiniyan gadon hanya, aggregate da lodin cakudewar kwalta da filin siminti.Bugu da kari, tana kuma iya aiwatar da ayyuka kamar tura kasa, goge kasa da ja da sauran injina.Saboda mai ɗaukar kaya yana da fa'idodin saurin aiki da sauri, inganci mai inganci, aiki mai kyau, da sauƙin aiki, ya zama ɗaya daga cikin manyan nau'ikan ginin ƙasa a cikin ginin injiniya.
Dukansu ayyuka ne na aikin ƙasa, kuma guga na excavator (wanda aka fi sani da injin ƙugiya) na iya zuwa ƙasa da layin kwance.Guga na lodi zai iya zama sama da layin kwance.Bambanci tsakanin su biyun shine cewa suna da amfani daban-daban kuma wani lokacin suna iya maye gurbin juna.Akwai nau'ikan kowannensu.A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, an ɗora kayan aiki mai yawa a kan jirgin sama a kwance a kan mai ɗaukar kaya, wanda ke da babban ƙarfin guga, motsi mai sauƙi, babban nauyin kaya da tattalin arziki mai kyau.Duk da haka, ɗora kayan aiki da aikin tonawa a ƙasa da matakin za'a iya yin su kawai tare da masu tono.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-18-2022
